What is mRNA Vaccine?

mRNA vaccines work in a very different way from traditional vaccines. It induces the human body to produce antigens by itself, imitating the process of virus proliferation in cells. Viruses that invade host cells first put a key called spike protein into a receptor protein called ACE2, which is a lock in our body, which is present in the cell membrane. ACE2 cheated and opened the door to human cells. After invading into the cell, it injects its own genetic material. The injected viral genome replicates itself using host cell enzymes, and uses ribosomes to form the envelope. This process is repeated countless times, and the virus multiplies, and the multiplied virus is released outside the cell and infects other cells.

RNA vaccines inject’genetic codes’ instead of viruses that do this. When the spike protein genetic information mRNA of SARS-CoV-2 is packaged and injected into a delivery platform(body), Lipid Nanoparticles, the human body can react to the expressed viral glycoprotein, just as the virus enters the cell and proliferates. It becomes a vaccine maker, the body makes antibody proteins to defend against virus attacks.

In the case of Pfizer (Bioentech) vaccine, the efficacy is maintained only when stored in a cryogenic environment at -70°C and Modena at -20°C.

What is Adenovirus Vaccine?

Adenovirus is a type of uncoated particle with a diameter of 70 to 90 nm. These are linear double-stranded DNA molecules that are about 4.7 kb and have a reverse repeat of about 100 bp at each end. Since the 5’end of each DNA strand is covalently bound to a protein molecule with a relative molecular weight of 55 + 10 Da, the circular structure of double-stranded DNA can be formed. More than 100 serotypes were found in succession, of which 52 human adenoviruses are divided into 6 subgroups (A, B, C, D, E and F). Adenovirus can infect the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urethra, bladder, eyes, and liver. About a quarter of known human adenovirus serotypes are commonly associated with human disease, and each serotype can cause a different clinical disease. In contrast, different serotypes can cause the same disease.

Reference https://www.creative-biolabs.com/ https://www.raps.org/